Keywords: unmanned aerial vehicles (uavs)

Remember the movie "transformers" hummingbird drone? To throw it into the air, it can flexibly hover, fly like a hummingbird, reconnaissance front the situation to the rear headquarters.

Today, such a cool scene already down the screen. With declining manufacturing costs, improve performance, the drone of the mass market is explosive growth. According to the Chinese aircraft owners and pilots association (AOPA) data, the current domestic aggregate demand for unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) pilot is 100000 people. Engaged in unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) research and development production and sales of domestic enterprises have more than 400, 70% of the world's small and medium-sized unmanned aerial vehicles (uavs) are made in China. Accelerate the industrialization of unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) was written "made in China 2025", as an important part of the development of the aviation equipment.

Behind the hot market, is the present domestic about 20000 drone in a state of "black fly". Recently released in 2015, according to the annual report on the development of Chinese civil aviation pilots in 2015 unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) pilot certificate was only about 2142 total in China. Uav can't tube, but how to regulate, the development of unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) and regulation to balance?

Unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) heaven, how safe?

The current regulations can control risk

Unmanned helicopter and fixed wing machine, rotor aircraft, unmanned airship... Although volume, quality, shape difference is very big, but the remotely piloted aircraft are collectively known as unmanned aerial vehicle (uav). In agricultural plant protection, electrical inspection, forest fire prevention, disaster rescue, aerial survey, and other fields, the uav can complete all kinds of complex air flight and the mission of the load, and there is no risk of casualties, intelligent robot can be said to be in the air.

Using unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) is also a big shipping application, especially in remote rural areas, the uav can fly straight and fast to arrive, is regarded as the rural electricity breakthrough for the development of "the last kilometer", can greatly reduce logistics costs in rural areas. "We have accomplished the unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) distribution in jiangsu suqian flight." The relevant person in charge of jingdong tells a reporter, jingdong after another county test in wuhan will deliver nationwide promotion unmanned aerial vehicle (uav).

Convenience is convenient, but is at the early stage of civil uav is embarrassed. Suddenly fall, crashed into a building, hijacked diverted by hackers... These small probability events or unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) led to a heated debate.

Unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) heaven, how safe? "We are very support the unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) application of higher security." Commissioner of civil aviation flight department general flight standard Chen Guangcheng said. Unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) management is not "eyebrows all classes", first take a look at the weight and type of unmanned aerial vehicle (uav), and accordingly, classification management is very clear. Such as 150 kg is a snag for unmanned aerial vehicle (uav), the weight more than basic belongs to the large military uavs, don't belong to the category of civil administration. Discussion is at present more often "trouble" is generally below 150 kg light small civil uav, the drones were divided into 7 files. "Such as less than 1.5 kilograms of unmanned aerial vehicle (uav), the basic belong to toys, without any application, but more than 4 kg of unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) must meet the requirements of driver license and provide monitoring means, even on the 25 kg" double insurance ", provide two sets of monitoring means." In addition, the unmanned airship, plant protection, unmanned aerial vehicles and over-the-horizon uav flight with other management requirements.

Chen Guangcheng stressed that although drones unmanned, but 4 kg must be some remote control, manipulation, the driver is not in the air, the ground will be responsible for the whole uav system operation and safety. The pilot training and assessment of the need for professional training institutions, hold relevant certificates. Provide monitoring method is refers to the unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) in flight to upload real-time flight data, make relevant departments to understand their position, speed, etc. The two conditions as well as the main requirement of civil uav safety regulation.

Were issued as early as in 2009, the civil aviation administration "civil unmanned air traffic management method" and "about civil uav provisional regulations on the management of, 2013 and awarded the" civil unmanned aircraft pilot management interim provisions ". As the end of the light small unmanned aircraft operation regulations (try out) "release, scope and classification, the unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) pilot qualifications such as unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) further clear, and the rules of the unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) management gradually improve. "The four basic specification to control the risk of future civilian uavs fly over a period of time, including national security, the safety and the safety of the pedestrians manned aircraft." Chen Guangcheng said.

Be strict management regulations, forced to "black"?

To "cloud", drones fly more fast

Too many "regulations" "regulatory yan is not necessary to" "approval rate is too low, influence industry development", some unmanned aircraft manufacturers, operators and users often say so. Development and supervision, safety and efficiency is to reconcile the contradiction?

Published by the end of light small unmanned aircraft operation regulations (try out) "unveiled a regulation efficiency and the" tool "-- unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) flight safety cloud. This is a kind of light small civil uav dynamic database system operation, users to unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) navigation service, weather service at the same time, also for real-time monitoring of flight data. Unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) access to the cloud, for the supervision and administration of all departments, including the civil aviation administration, provides a monitoring platform. At present, our country is the first to put forward the drone of the concept of cloud.

"Unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) cloud is put forward, from the system level improved the safety of the flight." The global consumer unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) 70% market share of big xinjiang company officials said the previous big xinjiang has r&d function similar to the "remote control aircraft safety management services platform", can provide cloud service system.

In march, the first unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) Cloud system optimal Cloud (U - Cloud) to get the approval of the department of civil aviation administration of the dart.

"With the unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) after cloud, apply for flight will convenient many, audit, access to the cloud, planning procedures such as flight route can be cloud service provider contract." Chen Guangcheng played an image, for example, unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) cloud service providers like responsible for communications, mobile, unicom and other operators: "every mobile phone is a small radio station, according to the regulations of the state have to go to do radio station license, but because the user joined the mobile unicom and other operators, spared yourself the trouble to deal with, can be called directly. Access unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) clouds, too, can simplify the process of flight application verification."

Another advantage of the cloud management is a mature technology and low cost. "Installation equipment, cost only a few yuan to realize access cloud system, we require 2017 middle and small drones are completed by the end of equipment system, fully implement cloud regulation." Chen Guangcheng said.

Through access to "cloud" uavs can fly more convenient to provide monitoring methods, at the same time, another major regulatory means - unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) "license" for now and more convenient.

"The unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) pilot qualification training institutions has increased to more than 60." Chen Guangcheng introduces, at the end of last year, a total of 2142 eligible drivers in our country, although the number is still not much, but at the end of the year up nearly 8 times than in 2014. Chen Guangcheng is expected, with the expansion of the training market, unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) pilot growth this year will also increase, the number should be able to break through ten thousand.

"Visible now it's not difficult to meet the unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) flight conditions." Chen Guangcheng admitted that in the past for unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) enough management propaganda, to promote the efficiency of management techniques and add more publicity, is sure to harness more and more "black fly".

Unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) when can fly over the city?

The popularity of data, technical supervision still need a process

Xiao-bo ding is a researcher at the Chinese academy of surveying and mapping, participate in a variety of applied in aerial surveying and mapping of the unmanned aerial vehicle (uav), the successful completion of a number of national surveying and mapping tasks.

"We found in surveying and mapping, using unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) around the local relevant departments approved the flight of probability is very low." Xiao-bo ding said, general project relating to national flight easier, but if it is the operational behavior of enterprise itself, especially in important areas such as city, approved the flight is very not easy. China's unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) market potential is tremendous, unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) construction measurement in our country, the agricultural plant protection, electrical inspection, forest fire prevention and many other areas there are a large number of potential demand, if the airspace is limited, will be conducive to industrial development. "Unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) innovative management style, simple, but many departments concern about the safety of unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) has not been reduced." Xiao-bo ding said.

"Though regulation technology has been mature, but also need a universal process." Chen Guang admitted to, the government will also further strengthen the regulatory technical standards, to further popularize various technical means of regulation, the future unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) to apply for flight would be easier, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (uavs) cloud service will achieve full coverage, "we'll look at another cloud system provider's qualification, the future may have four or five large cloud system, under the supervision of the government to provide services."

The use of "electronic fence" will make unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) flight monitor more manageable. "Big xinjiang unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) is set up electronic fence, flight control system will automatically return to the fence boundaries, such as in Beijing within the rings into not to go. The future may be more flexibly according to different time and area set up electronic fence." Chen Guangcheng said.

If really not accept surveillance drones and "bad"? Mandatory technical means not a few. Chen Guangcheng introduction, now in the market there have been some unmanned aerial vehicle (uav) equipment, such as using lasers and radio waves "shooting" unmanned aerial vehicle (uav), install the equipment can be the key area in the city in the future.

If these measures are in place, I believe when you saw a drone over the city, don't worry about it. "Could you open the mobile map navigation, not only can see the roads and Bridges, also can see how many uav flying around you." Chen Guangcheng said, in fact, they have in research and related enterprise cooperation, "let the drones fly" in the navigation.