Agriculture lighting market potential is huge, this is without a doubt, the Chinese academy of agricultural sciences researcher at the institute of agricultural environment and the sustainable development of the long Yang pointed out that, modern agriculture almost all areas have close relationship with artificial light! Especially in the planting (horticultural facilities, urban agriculture, etc.), livestock and poultry breeding breeding (facilities), fishing industry (facility cultivation, lure fish, etc.), planting (outdoor production, eppo trap, etc.), other (edible fungus, micro algae, etc.) urgently demand for artificial light. Only vegetables this item, we can make a simple idea, in 2014 the year China only vegetable consumption is about 130 billion yuan, if the next five years, 10 years, 20 years, 30% of vegetables is realized through agriculture lighting, so one can imagine how much this agriculture lighting market.

Agriculture lighting market is huge, but partly due to the complexity of the range lighting based on agriculture, do big, do deep is not an easy thing. At present, the agricultural lighting spot still remains, all kinds of exploration is still in progress. The complexity of basic level: agricultural lighting as below

Fudan university institute of electric light source Liu Muqing, Zhu Xuesong this is elaborated from the following five aspects.

A multidisciplinary, agriculture lighting

If the plants and animals illumination lighting in agriculture within the scope of its disciplines covered include botany, zoology, biostatistics, lighting technology, control technology, etc. Before all areas of biology, which is the field of lighting technology, disciplines span is very wide, in the subject, lighting technology is a technical means, and content in the field of biology is the experimental process and result evaluation. Knowledge in the field of biology, in general, is the most important part of agriculture lighting, but the current agricultural lighting mainly refers to using LED lighting technology, LED by highly flexibility, make lighting, in the process of agriculture as the main body of agriculture or scientists in the field of biology, need the height of the lighting experts to cooperate, in order to achieve a variety of plant and animal species in the best lighting conditions, at the same time perfect success in the field of vision lighting science, agricultural lighting is worth reference. Therefore, agriculture lighting discipline and technology progress, need in the field of agricultural and biological scientists in close coordination with the scientists in the field of lighting.

Second, the complexity of agriculture lighting

As one related to agricultural science and technology, agriculture lighting inherited the complexity characteristics of agricultural science, as mentioned above, which includes two aspects: agriculture and lighting.

In the research of the former species is very much, and each one species, the factors affecting the condition of very much also. Such as a few basic elements of plant growth, sunshine, air, water, in addition, seed, soil and surrounding environment such as temperature, humidity, such as climate change, also affect the growth of plants. And for animals, because it is active, including factors more, even if all these conditions are consistent, each individual animal and plant growth may also have differences, it's decided to the study of agriculture lighting must be in biostatistics method were studied.

In terms of lighting, also there are multiple variables, including the spectrum of light, intensity, time and cycle, light form (steady state) or pulse, etc.

The above two aspects, determines the complexity of agriculture lighting, although the growth of plants and animals are optimized by the control of light intensity, can under the other conditions remain the same, but there may be a mutual influence of various conditions will make the problem more complicated.

Three, agriculture lighting test difficulty

Agricultural lighting complexity determines the degree of difficulty of test lighting research and reflect on the concrete experiment is a test of too many variables. Despite major test of light, by studying the different light conditions, such as light intensity, spectrum, exposure mode, exposure time, exposure cycle conditions such as the growth of plants and animals, and expect the fixed other agricultural conditions such as temperature, humidity, air, water, nutrients, seeds, etc. But the two sorts of factors may influence each other, and in the actual experiment study, the test conditions change so much to consider, each condition at the same time, for reasons of biostatistics, also should have certain samples. This makes the test conditions, samples, coupled with the growth of each test condition needs certain time, finally caused lighting research is: the condition of the experiment sample very much, the time span is very long, agriculture lighting became time-consuming, laborious, space research. To take one example, if set three variable illumination conditions, such as spectrum, intensity, irradiation time, each of these variables using 10 discrete values, a total of 1, 000 is known conditions, combined with biological conditions if 10, 10000, that is, if each case 10 samples, 100000 samples, if every sample for 2 months, so you can imagine the difficulty of the experiment. So the actual research, was forced to reduce test variables as well as a reduction in the number of each type of test variables, the author in reading literature, often use a light conditions only found within 10, likely by test conditions, not the best, so can't search for the best results.

Has reported tin caulis dendrobii fill light test, in a greenhouse, a total of 6 beds (one mu), installation and debugging for LED lamps and lanterns and 8 153 fluorescent lamp, the light 644 samples of tags. Data acquisition for 7 months, has finished 3 batches of nearly 200000 data, through the analysis of optimal light conditions. Site conditions as shown in figure 1, 2, 3.

As shown in figure 3, 113 different combinations of light environment environment, only two kinds of test conditions appear the best iron dendrobium stem growth, and growth of the two conditions significantly more than the rest of the growth condition is superior. And the rest of the 111 kinds of lighting condition, growth than fluorescent lamp control group and no light group not big difference. As you can imagine, if the trial is 10 or 20 kinds of conditions, probably can't search for the best lighting conditions.

Before LED to complement the traditional light source the light is also carried out extensive research, but because of the traditional light source flexibility is not enough, it is difficult to achieve a variety of light conditions, often can only the simple several light conditions, such as the previously mentioned often adopt more than 10 kinds. As a result, the LED is easy to implement a variety of light conditions, detailed research and screening the best lighting conditions, has a great practical significance.

Four, agricultural selectivity and spectrum lighting light weighted

Is generally believed that there is a spectrum selective agriculture lighting, with the visual lighting, so there is a similar to the visual spectrum of lighting visibility function of the weighted curve, the curve of the often cited as shown in figure 4, 5.

Eye view function research is after a large number of trials, because each kind of difference is small, so the visibility function is widely used at present. But the existing theory in the weighted function of plant lighting is limited, more use of figure 5 plant chlorophyll spectral absorption rate, and questioned by many. In fact, look at a variety of plant leaf spectral reflectance is different, it is easy to imagine that different plants photosynthesis weighted function may be different, and there are a lot of research work needs to be. After finish all kinds of plant photosynthesis spectra weighting function, can consult the visual lighting set up the concept of "flux", namely radiation flux to the transformation of physical measurement of photosynthesis, and complete the corresponding test methods and so on.

The lighting of animal and plant, there is also a corresponding research work to be done.

Five, the diversity of evaluation index

Lighting science, science is the study of light effects on the human eye vision, the main evaluation index is clear and comfortable vision, holding contains indices such as illumination, brightness, the latter is glare and stroboscopic indicators. Indicators into agriculture lighting, attention is more complex, including the growth of plants, such as the content of certain ingredients, can further refine the plant leaf area, root, total height, color, etc., composition aspects include sugar, chlorophyll, and many other indicators. In fact, there are many other indicators, such as increase plant growth can be realized through the fill light, also can, in turn, inhibit the growth of certain things, that there will be another evaluation index.

Animal lighting evaluation index is also complicated, such as used for the growth of poultry fill light illumination, evaluation index can be the growth speed of chicken, also can be meat, protein content and so on, can consider to chicken sales impressions and mortality, even the chickens pecking feathers.

Evaluation index on the complexity of agriculture lighting research more increase the difficulty. Be worth what carry is, as a result of multiple lighting conditions, and different stages of growth may need different lighting conditions, thus agriculture lighting is often combined with control technology, through control technology, achieve the complete control of the whole lighting.

Still face other bottlenecks of semiconductor lighting application in agriculture

In addition to the complexity of the subject, the basic research into the biggest grip, add to technical problems, lack of light formula research, molecular mechanism is not clear, mechanism research stay in macro level; Special lamps and lanterns and LED energy-saving control technology research and development lack; Agricultural LED research talent was a terrible shortage of (science and education, enterprise level). In addition, the cost price and LED light source in the agricultural industrialization is also in the field of application and promotion facing the bottleneck.

Its long Yang said that in terms of cost, artificial light LED costs have fallen sharply, compared with the fluorescent lamp has certain advantages, but an investment on the high side; Fill light LED cost remains high, and high pressure sodium lamp is the lack of competitive advantage (fill light seven hectares of greenhouse LED590 thousands of euros, high pressure sodium lamp, 30-400000 euros).

In terms of industry, low level of industrialization and standardization, the size of the market difficult to expand; Specifically dedicated to the development of agricultural special lamps and lanterns of LED enterprises, domestic chip manufacturers invest resources development agriculture lighting less red chip. Multiple occupations more, small, difficult to compete with international giants; Countries LED to agriculture subsidy policies (such as farm machinery subsidy) deficiency. Therefore, at present, basic research, technological breakthroughs, to reduce the cost, strengthen promotion and is very important to establish sustainable profitable business model.

Although the agriculture lighting development still faces many difficulties, but the road to China LED lighting plants is not "bad". 18 the fifth plenary session pointed out, "to promote the agricultural modernization, to speed up the transformation of the mode of agricultural development, production efficiency, product safety, resource saving and environment friendly agriculture modernization." Industry, from the high to the efficient, scientific technology is the only way for modern agriculture. In addition to information, "much starker choices-and graver consequences-in planning also pointed out that" might involve the modern equipment, modern breeding technology is the direction of the future key support. But, from acquisition greatly the first time to visit the plant factory can also attaches great importance to spy out the country for agricultural lighting.

Anyhow, still heavy from, people in the agriculture depends on the development of agricultural scientists and illumination of close cooperation, depends on the policy support, also depends on you I insist. Believe that one day, China LED lighting agriculture will be the attention of the world.