Taiwan semiconductor car outside, when the other side with a large government support, market forces, make the growth of the semiconductor industry into the wild golden age; When the market, time, capital, talent is not even on Taiwan's side, one, two leading companies in Taiwan, to play a Chinese government as a whole.
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As dickens' a tale of two cities opening: this is the best of times, is also the worst of times. National treasure technology of Taiwan semiconductor industry, is now at so awkward moment.
Is the best time, Taiwan's overall semiconductor production up to nt $2.2 million in 2014, a record high, growth rate as high as nearly 17%, for several years, with oil-rich island appearance sat 2 at a position on the global semiconductor industry, surpassing Japan and South Korea, only to the United States. But Taiwan semiconductor old outside is not happy. Because, at the same time, the crisis has quietly come.
Dominating semiconductor manufacturing but there are concerns? How long can still win TSMC 0
On April 21, Taiwan semiconductor annual conference, bosses are a face of serious, the nerves. As early as a few days ago, a second term, chairman of the association of Taiwan semiconductor creates the chairman Lou, her superior, for nearly 10 peer friends out of the job and asked to prepare a briefing, about 7 minutes per person, the theme is: the advantage and disadvantage of Taiwan semiconductor, and how to face the competition?
The key difference in 3 to 5 years
Lou superior first to speak, Taiwan semiconductor can continue higher, will put his hand in the gold to anyone, now is the critical moment, "should think of some way to attract talents all over the world, rather than allowing the brain drain."
"I see a wafer foundry is 5 years, IC design with 3 years left," a godfather of "venture in lei, chairman of Wang Boyuan pointing to.
Umc executive YanBoWen also said that tough, and points out that the mainland to the semiconductor industry when the defense industry, "this is not the industry with industry competition, I'm afraid that is the country with the competition between countries."
Jiaotong university before the headmaster chung-yu wu is, at present is "talent" quiet crisis. Specialized to cultivating talents of semiconductor jiaotong university Ph.D., of an electronics solid group to enter oneself for an examination the number now, and even less than places, let alone a formal report to study.
Prosperous macro zhi-yuan lu, general manager of analysis, if your technology can only eat the mainland market, that's settled by eating, there are other two thirds of the international market, is the world's leading manufacturers to eat to get business.
Originally behind Taiwan very much, not a threat to China, began to strong supporting semiconductor industry. Since 2013, the official color of the strong thunis group, the two native spreadtrum IC design companies, RuiDi acquisition unit, ready to fit pump it, then the world's largest semiconductor company, Intel (Intel) held a $1.5 billion stake in thunis, shock the market.
Lu shang strong shock the market
Mainland in 2014, the central issued the national integrated circuit industry development to promote outline, roll out 120 billion yuan of investment funds, and promoting local government overweight 30 billion ~ 50 billion yuan of small funds, and private capital into, is expected to total investment of RMB 1.2 million (nt $6 million).
Everything had hit the acquisition of money, let a person more than give. Factory of the world's fourth largest semiconductor testing star chippac, well-known optical image sensor chip giant Howe (Omnivision), memory chip factory silicon into three communication (ISSI), HP's China, are all local purchase.
Served as China's largest wafer manufacturing smic, Gartner, said Wang Duan vice President in the next 10 years, China's semiconductor industry growth, will definitely surpass other parts of the world, "and more than 10 years, an investment is a point of no return!" Is only, for more than a decade of semiconductor when the development has been, why positive aim for semiconductor, vigorously overweight?
China imported semiconductor more than $200 billion a year, beyond petroleum, become the first big surpluses project, large imports accounted for seventy percent of global semiconductor market. Compared to its self-sufficiency rate of mainland semiconductor chip is less than twenty percent, low to scary.
Plus, 2013 snow events exposed listening in crisis, more let mainland official unease, think development core electronics semiconductor chip is about national security, is imperative.
Taiwan's three wins and two defeats a draw
Semiconductor industry generally can be divided into three large, IC chip design, semiconductor manufacturing (including wafer foundry, memory system build) and semiconductor testing.
On both sides of the comparison, the result makes Taiwan. Continental army of semiconductor industry has been assembled, enemy at the gate. Absolutely not Taiwan semiconductor industry unwillingly, but continental growth situation, since 2010, the overall average growth above 20% a year, especially the IC design field, more can have up to thirty percent of the growth.
Shock IC chip design: mainland production close to Taiwan
Mainland progress most rapidly, the IC design, because they do not need large capital, equipment, plant, up by severe engineering talent.
From more than ten years ago, almost no say, name of the company to the most powerful now, huawei's sea, can not only to develop high threshold of higher-order mobile communications chips, for huawei mobile phone use, revenue more than Taiwan's second league, faster to achieve half of mediatek's size.
Ever let mediatek in 2 g era, pound-foolish Nemesis spreadtrum, revenue is on a par with third Taiwan IC design company. Also recently emitted a datang semiconductor's core, because of work with millet, a big success.
Mainland top ten IC design companies, also have the breakthrough. For example, red core micro eat the world's largest MP3, chip market, micro grid division specializes in CMOS image sensor chip.
The vigorous, IC design companies have sprung up to 700, although the good and bad are intermingled, level is not like, but because of the large market, low-end chips can also find a buyer. The overall IC design industry output value close to Taiwan, and even may be on a par with Taiwan this year, and even beyond.
In contrast, Taiwan, by mediatek dominance hold the big picture, mediatek sales break t $210 billion in 2014, former qualcomm to have the world's largest mobile phone chips, after consideration on rise of land plants. So far, no one have to overtake Taiwan manufacturers, not only is it more with one enemy ten, China top 10 IC design company revenue together, to stand on a mediatek.
Shock 2. Semiconductor testing: the world's fourth largest company in China
In terms of semiconductor packaging test, because the mainland statistical output value included in the local foreign investment, the overall output looks more than Taiwan, but being IEK system IC and process research manager Peng Maorong estimates, "about seventy percent of foreign capital, only seventy percent local."
Look at Taiwan, has two semiconductor testing company: the first day of the moonlight, the third largest of the world's silicon products. Ase recent strong emphasis on high cost of the system level of packaging technology (SiP), absorb most of the apple order, silicon products also positively higher-order packaging layout, operating is smooth upward. Just, but most of the people in the industry worry, testing areas due to technical threshold is relatively low, the future will be killing the most intense areas.
Especially at the end of last year, the mainland investment official launch of the "big fund" start, to assist the factory long telegram, jiangsu science and technology, the first big seal test to snack big mergers and acquisitions Singapore testing giant star chippac, although in the short term result of cultural integration and reorganization, the two companies will let factory get some turn single benefits, but the long term, the merger, not only the long telegram to become the world's fourth largest testing factory, technology to the next level, which quickly into the hard scored in the European and American markets, many analysts think to Taiwan factory "shorter than the sky".
TSMC can still win?
Shock 3. Semiconductor manufacturing: TSMC dominating but there are concerns
In semiconductor manufacturing parts, Taiwan is the most powerful "wafer foundry", the overall output value of nearly one million nt, close to half of the whole Taiwan semiconductor industry, is the mainland several times, is currently the only have chance in advance.
Among them, TSMC 2014 revenue up to 762.8 billion t, 263.9 billion t, both hit a record high, to continue to win most profitable company in Taiwan, in the whole chip foundry city share of fifty percent, the world first, has also been a stock market value of the largest companies.
In today's most advanced 14/16 nai metric, the only thing that can compete with TSMC of Intel's only the United States, South Korea's samsung. If mainland with maximum foundries, about nt $60 billion annual revenue than smic, size 12 times not only poor TSMC, TSMC profit but also the 70 times of smic.
Outstanding TSMC, not feeling the pressure from the mainland. More and more mainland customers, revenue increased to 8%, plus the European and American IC chip design customer production, a large part of the mobile phones or electronics is sold to the mainland, all let TSMC said many times since last year, "a positive assessment set 12 inches fabs in mainland China, the advantages and disadvantages of."
Back of the throne of the world's second largest foundries umc, has already landed, joint venture with xiamen in fujian province and the government, build 12 inches fabs in mainland China, and the second half of next year officially production. Will walk so positive, because umc faster than TSMC face the threat of land plants, leading core of his competitors international has declared that by the end of next year, 28 nanoscale capacity will reach 35000 pieces, may be over umc. If from technical, operational, settlement, capital, market, talent, six directions, a comprehensive evaluation on both sides of the semiconductor power Taiwan with three wins, two defeats, a draw.
In terms of technical, operational, settlement, Taiwan still has advantages. However, the mainland market, abundant funds, but far from Taiwan can match. ZTE ZTE consumption terminal strategy vice President lu Qian Hao mentioned that Taiwan is the most powerful technology (technology), mainland broad market is the strongest.
About the "market", the mainland market bought more than 400 million smartphones last year, the global top 10 number six smart phone factory is lu shang; Not to mention money, mainland official spent daughter, to cultivate the semiconductor industry.
Even now for the "draw" on both sides of the Taiwan people, Taiwan is facing great crisis, the industry has been feeling the mainland magnetic suction of talent.
IC design company from mainland top mediatek to spreadtrum, senior vice President of Yuan Diwen, it is the epitome of talents loss in Taiwan. Allegedly, huawei's sea, there are many Taiwanese engineering talent, smic now has more than 100 head is Taiwanese.
