At the beginning of 2016, a "man-machine war" has become the focus of the much-anticipated, Google AlphaGo victory over world go champion lee se-dol, but also triggered a fierce debate. Although the century fight the smoke clears, AlphaGo excellent performance for the resulting boom of artificial intelligence is not. Under the craze, many industries have begun to evolution of artificial intelligence and artificial intelligence era has quietly come, and artificial intelligence will also greatly enhance and extend the boundary of human capacity, to promote technological innovation, promote national competitive advantage, and promote the development of human society have a profound impact.
Artificial intelligence is excessive to the general application in our country
Throughout the domestic artificial intelligence industry development, on the whole industry chain is mainly composed of "basic technology", "artificial intelligence" and "artificial intelligence application" three core link form. From the three aspects, we can see that the domestic industry the development of artificial intelligence, the application of artificial intelligence can be resolved.
The basis of artificial intelligence technology mainly depends on the cloud computing and big data technology. In this regard, the size of the domestic market is huge. Industry with cloud computing and big data technology is different from early simply the business model of learning, imitation, but more and more practical to embrace it, constantly excavate its great value, and on the basis of the properties of service, build up the foundation platform of artificial intelligence.
These platforms from the infrastructure, platform service, software application service level, such as the realization of the artificial intelligence technology and the application of artificial intelligence guarantee the ground provides the basis of the background and realistic premise. Cloud and big data, for example, the depth of the launch and learning machine is introduced on the basis of large data platform for the artificial intelligence, will allow researchers to quickly go deep into the core of artificial intelligence field.
Artificial intelligence technology to focus on pattern recognition, machine learning, and human-computer interaction in three aspects. Focus on the signal pattern recognition, image, voice, text, unintuitive data such as fingerprints, such as speech recognition, face recognition, etc. Machine learning covers from general artificial intelligence applied to the dedicated most of artificial intelligence application areas, such as computer vision, natural language processing, biometrics, DNA sequencing, etc. Human-computer interaction includes both the man and the system of speech interaction, also contains a human-robot entity of physical interaction.
The domestic artificial intelligence technology in the application level mainly focus on computer vision, speech recognition and language processing technology. On behalf of the enterprise including hkust xunfei, baidu, alibaba, tencent, kuang depending on science and technology, spirit deep pupil, etc.
Artificial intelligence applications it involves two aspects of special and general application. Among them, the application in the field of special covers the present domestic most of the application of the artificial intelligence applications, including every field of human face recognition, speech recognition, intelligent robot, etc. And universal application is focused on smart home, intelligent agriculture, intelligent medical areas such as general solutions. At present, the domestic application of artificial intelligence is by professional application to the general application of excessive development stage.
From the perspective of the algorithm and the chip, encourage innovation in the application of artificial intelligence
In the field of artificial intelligence research in China accumulated little gap compared with developed countries. In the national strategic level, if we can develop a comprehensive promotion project of the artificial intelligence, will bring our country realize the corner overtaking, an excellent chance to enhance comprehensive national power and influence.
We should vigorously promote the development of artificial intelligence, preempt the artificial intelligence application innovation point, boost national industrial transformation and upgrading, and strive to form a global competitive advantage.
The artificial intelligence algorithms need to innovation. At the core of artificial intelligence to achieve, the algorithm is the future of artificial intelligence industry of the world's biggest competition threshold. But domestic basically still in learning foreign algorithm, the lack of independent innovation of the algorithm. Although our country has made the engineering algorithm phased breakthrough, but based on the algorithm level still need to improve on the level of cognition, this is also the future competition of the core areas.
At present, the scene in the field of specialty application still is the core of the research and development and investment, the basic technology of mature also brought storage capacity and machine learning and artificial intelligence technology has increased, but the limited computing power and current large-scale CPU and GPU parallel solution, the domestic development of artificial intelligence is mainly focused on computer vision, such as speech recognition, intelligent life direction.
As a result, the algorithm of the evolution of innovation, technology, data accumulation evolution and application of super calculate platform, the future trend of the development of artificial intelligence industry in China should be made by customization scenarios in the field of application to the voice, visual generalized solutions in the areas of development.
The future competition will focus on artificial intelligence in the field of machine learning, namely supervised learning, unsupervised learning and enhance learning in three aspects. At that time, competition will into the white-hot stage of the algorithm. Only at the algorithm level breakthrough, country or company can get breakthrough in the field of image recognition and computer vision and international technology level.
The next step, our country need to do is research and development of artificial intelligence chip. At present a lot of discussion of artificial intelligence technology, there is a little easy to be ignored, that is the chip load operation of artificial intelligence. The brain is billions of neurons, synaptic constitute a complex network of associated, existing chips and that there are several orders of magnitude difference. Therefore, we need to seek breakthrough from the chip, strengthen chip parallel computing ability, under the conditions of high speed analysis of vast amounts of data; Improve chip programming specificity, high performance and low power consumption, in large-scale server deployment or resource-constrained embedded applications show potential; At the same time combine performance and power consumption.
Google TPU chips, for example, compared with the FPGA and the GPU on market, its faster performance per watt. The chip has a higher tolerance to reduce computing precision. That is to say, every time it works need transistor is less, and therefore can achieve a higher number of operations per second. In our country, institute of computing technology, Chinese academy of sciences published "Cambrian" processor chip and cloud and big data depth study of the upcoming chips, is the exploration in this area.
Intensify policy support, promote enterprise's cooperation
Artificial intelligence research is of very extensive, of any branch of study involves a large computation code, and screening and the vulnerability of the interdisciplinary cross, any enterprise can hardly phased breakthrough in enclosed environment. With the popularity of domain-specific application and general technology application demand enhancement, our country should be increasing openness, make the system level open source become the norm. Abroad such as Google, Microsoft, Facebook, yahoo see top the core competitiveness of enterprises, for the future of artificial intelligence have successively opened its own system of artificial intelligence. Domestic xunfei at hkust, baidu, alibaba, tencent also took the lead in the field of artificial intelligence advantage, in different dimensions and space to open its own system of artificial intelligence.
Enterprise open their own artificial intelligence system, does not represent the core technology and complete transfer of the algorithm. Underlying system open, can let more enterprises or social organizations to participate in the related fields of artificial intelligence from a different perspective of research and development, innovation and product for the application of the artificial intelligence in our country's rapid iteration to provide standardized platform, the development of benign environment. For open enterprise, also ensure the synchronization of them the latest cutting-edge technology with the industry to grow.
Want to develop artificial intelligence industry in China, but also enhance cooperation between enterprises. Domestic industry from a special field of artificial intelligence application development and differentiation of maturity on the perspective of technical threshold analysis, can be divided into infrastructure construction, general scenario application and special application development three directions.
In the aspect of infrastructure construction, companies rely on their own data, algorithms, and platform edge, in the industry for companies to provide basis for resources support at the same time, also to their own advantages into special and general application in the field of research, thus to build its own industrial chain ecological closed-loop artificial intelligence. In terms of general application scenario, the enterprise will be mainly in computer vision and speech recognition for direction, for security, life, financial, and manufacturing and other fields to provide general solutions. In special applications research and development, the focus is most hardware manufacturers, start-ups, solution and application providers, etc. In general, artificial intelligence application innovation drive without the core link of industrial chain to cooperate with each other, leave the industry development direction in the cooperation between enterprises.
Strengthening the support of artificial intelligence on policy support is essential.
Participate in artificial intelligence research in China's enterprises is relatively small, and its own r&d ability is relatively limited, urgent need of the national policy support, to ensure that our country in the next 10 years of artificial intelligence is the most key technology development period, compete with Europe and the United States research and development strength and the progress in research and development, to ensure that our country is an international leader in the wave of scientific and technological progress. Specific advice is as follows:
First of all, led by ministry of science and technology to increase support for basic research of artificial intelligence, the national development and reform commission and the ministry of finance project establishment and funding. To encourage and support the national scientific research units and artificial intelligence cooperation mechanism between enterprises to establish a long-term and deep, in order to assemble and integrate the strength of the field of artificial intelligence research and development of various institutions in our country, the combined support in the heat of the artificial intelligence technology in our country won the leading position in international competition.
Second, to mobilize more strength to participate in research and development and the application of artificial intelligence, a series of subsidies policy support, for example, to participate in building the middle layer of artificial intelligence technology platform vendors for key support, the introduction of international talent to the field of artificial intelligence and team support, for domestic enterprises to carry out the artificial intelligence technology in the field of research and development support, etc.
Finally, increase the key common core of artificial intelligence technology research and development support, encourage support industry to introduce artificial intelligence technology to transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, build a benign environmental research and development and application of artificial intelligence.
